Has histologically confirmed International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) Stage III or Stage IV EOC (high-grade predominantly serous, endometrioid, carcinosarcoma, mixed mullerian with high-grade serous component, clear cell, or low-grade serous OC), primary peritoneal cancer, or fallopian tube cancer;

Has just completed primary debulking surgery or is eligible for primary or interval debulking surgery;

Is a candidate for carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy, to be administered in the adjuvant or neoadjuvant setting;

Candidates for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, has a cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) (kilounits/L):carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA, ng/mL) ratio greater than or equal to 25;

Is able to provide a newly obtained core or excisional biopsy of a tumor lesion for prospective testing of BRCA1/2 and Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor markers status prior to randomization;

Has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1, as assessed within 7 days prior to initiating chemotherapy in the lead-in period and within 7 days prior to randomization;

Is not pregnant, not breastfeeding, and 1 of the following conditions applies: a.) Not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP) OR b.) A WOCBP who agrees to follow contraceptive guidance during the treatment period and for at least 120 days following the last dose of pembrolizumab (or pembrolizumab placebo) and olaparib (or olaparib placebo) and at least 210 days following the last dose of chemotherapy or bevacizumab (if administered);

Has adequate organ function;

Has mucinous, germ cell, or borderline tumor of the ovary

; Has a known or suspected deleterious mutation (germline or somatic) in either BRCA1 or BRCA2

; Has a history of non-infectious pneumonitis that required treatment with steroids or currently has pneumonitis

; Has either myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)/acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or has features suggestive of MDS/AML

; Has a known additional malignancy that is progressing or has required active treatment in the last 3 years Note: Participants with basal cell carcinoma of the skin, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, or carcinoma in situ (e.g. ductal carcinoma in situ, cervical carcinoma in situ) that has undergone potentially curative therapy are not excluded.

; Has ongoing Grade 3 or Grade 4 toxicity, excluding alopecia, following chemotherapy administered during the lead-in period

; Has known active central nervous system metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis. Participants with brain metastases may participate provided they were previously treated (except with chemotherapy) and are radiologically stable, clinically stable, and no steroids were used for the management of symptoms related to brain metastases within 14 days prior to randomization. Stable brain metastases should be established prior to the first dose of study medication lead-in chemotherapy

; Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy (dosing \>10 mg daily of prednisone equivalent) or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to randomization

; Has an active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years (i.e., with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs) Note: Replacement therapy (e.g. thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency) is not considered a form of systemic treatment and is allowed.

; Has a known history of active tuberculosis (TB; Bacillus Tuberculosis)

; Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy

; Has received colony-stimulating factors (eg, granulocyte colony stimulating factor \[G-CSF\], granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor \[GM-CSF\] or recombinant erythropoietin) within 4 weeks prior to receiving chemotherapy during the lead-in period

; Is considered to be of poor medical risk due to a serious, uncontrolled medical disorder, non-malignant systemic disease or active, uncontrolled infection

; Has had surgery to treat borderline tumors, early stage EOC, or early stage fallopian tube cancer \<6 months prior to screening

; Has a known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

; Has a known history of hepatitis B (defined as hepatitis B surface antigen \[HBsAg\] reactive) or known active hepatitis C virus (defined as HCV RNA \[qualitative\] is detected) infection. Testing for hepatitis B or hepatitis C is required at screening only if mandated by local health authority. Note: Participants with a history of hepatitis B but who are HBsAg negative are eligible for the study

; Is either unable to swallow orally administered medication or has a gastrointestinal (GI) disorder affecting absorption (e.g. gastrectomy, partial bowel obstruction, malabsorption)

; Has uncontrolled hypertension

; Has current, clinically relevant bowel obstruction (including sub-occlusive disease), abdominal fistula or GI perforation, related to underlying EOC (for participants receiving bevacizumab)

; Has a history of hemorrhage, hemoptysis or active GI bleeding within 6 months prior to randomization (for participants receiving bevacizumab)

; Is a WOCBP who has a positive urine pregnancy test within 72 hours before the first dose of chemotherapy in the lead-in period and within 72 hours prior to Day 1 of Cycle 1, is pregnant or breastfeeding, or is expecting to conceive children within the projected duration of the study, starting with screening through 120 days following the last dose of pembrolizumab (or pembrolizumab placebo) and bevacizumab (if administered), at least 180 days following the last dose of olaparib (or olaparib placebo), and at least 210 days following the last dose of chemotherapy

; Has received prior treatment for any stage of OC, including radiation or systemic anti-cancer therapy (e.g. chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, investigational therapy)

; Has received prior therapy with an anti-Programmed Cell Death-1 (anti-PD-1), anti-PD-L1, or anti-PD-L2 agent or with an agent directed to another stimulatory or co-inhibitory T-cell receptor (e.g. cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 \[CTLA-4\], OX 40, CD137)

; Has received prior therapy with either olaparib or any other poly(adenosine-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor

; Has intraperitoneal chemotherapy planned or has been administered as first-line therapy

; Has received a live vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of study treatment on Day 1 of Cycle 1

; Has severe hypersensitivity (=Grade 3) to pembrolizumab, olaparib, carboplatin, paclitaxel or bevacizumab (if using) and/or any of their excipients

; Is currently receiving either strong (e.g. itraconazole, telithromycin, clarithromycin, protease inhibitors boosted with ritonavir or cobicistat, indinavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir, boceprevir, telaprevir) or moderate (eg, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, diltiazem, fluconazole, verapamil) inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 that cannot be discontinued for the duration of the study

; Is currently receiving either strong (e.g. phenobarbital, phenytoin, rifampicin, rifabutin, rifapentine, carbamazepine, nevirapine, and St John's Wort) or moderate (e.g. bosentan, efavirenz, modafinil) inducers of CYP3A4 that cannot be discontinued for the duration of the study

; Is currently participating or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or has used an investigational device within 4 weeks (28 days) of starting chemotherapy in the Lead-in Period

; Has resting electrocardiogram (ECG) indicating uncontrolled, potentially reversible cardiac conditions or participant has congenital long QT syndrome

; Has had an allogenic tissue/solid organ transplant, has received previous allogenic bone-marrow transplant, or has received double umbilical cord transplantation

; Either has had major surgery within 3 weeks of randomization or has not recovered from any effects of any major surgery

• 7339-001

• Adnexal Diseases

• Carcinoma

• Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial

• Endocrine Gland Neoplasms

• Endocrine System Diseases

• Fallopian Tube Neoplasms

• Genital Diseases, Female

• Genital Neoplasms, Female

• GOG-3036

• Gonadal Disorders

• Neoplasms

• Neoplasms by Site

• Oncology (Adult)

• Ovarian Diseases

• Ovarian Neoplasms

• Peritoneal Neoplasms

• Urogenital Neoplasms

• Obstetrics and Gynecology

• Gynecologic Oncology Group