Patient must have been diagnosed with CML-CP at \< 18 years of age.

; Patient must have histologic verification of CML-CP at original diagnosis

; Patient must be in molecular remission (MR) with a BCR-ABL1 level of =\< 0.01% BCR-ABL1 as measured using the International Scale (IS) by RQ-PCR for \>= 2 consecutive years at the time of enrollment

; Please note: The lab evaluating disease status and molecular response for this study must be College of American Pathology (CAP) and/or Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certified (United States \[US\] only), sites in other countries must be certified by their accredited authorities. All labs must use the International Scale guidelines with a sensitivity of detection assay =\< 0.01% BCR-ABL1 and be able to report results in =\< 2 weeks

; Patient must have received any TKI for a minimum of 3 consecutive years at time of enrollment

; Patient agrees to discontinue TKI therapy

; REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

; All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent

; All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met

; ELIGIBILITY FOR PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES (PROs):

; Age \>= 8 years at the time of enrollment

; Ability to understand English or Spanish

; Cognitive ability to complete instruments according to the primary team

; ELIGIBILITY FOR AAML18P1 NEUROCOGNITIVE STUDY:

; Patient must be 5 years or older at the time of enrollment

; English-, French- or Spanish-speaking

; No known history of neurodevelopmental disorder prior to diagnosis of CML (e.g., Down syndrome, Fragile X, William syndrome, mental retardation)

; No significant visual or motor impairment that would prevent computer use or recognition of visual test stimuli

Known T3151 mutation

; Additional clonal chromosomal abnormalities in Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) positive (+) cells at any time prior to enrollment that include "major route" abnormalities (second Ph, trisomy 8, isochromosome 17q, trisomy 19), complex karyotype or abnormalities of 3q26.2

; History of accelerated phase or blast crisis CML

; Female patients who are pregnant

; Lactating females are not eligible unless they have agreed not to breastfeed their infants

; Female patients of childbearing potential are not eligible unless a negative pregnancy test result has been obtained

• BCR-ABL Positive

• Bone Marrow Diseases

• Chronic

• Chronic Disease

• Chronic-Phase

• Disease Attributes

• Hematologic Diseases

• Leukemia

• Leukemia

• Leukemia

• Myelogenous

• Myeloid

• Myeloid

• Myeloproliferative Disorders

• Neoplasms

• Neoplasms by Histologic Type

• Oncology (Adult)

• Pathologic Processes

• Leukemia

• Oncology (Pediatrics)

• Children's Oncology Group